When we're young, our skin is smooth, naturally moisturized and highly elastic. Over time, however, gravity, sun exposure, daily facial contractions and changes in body chemistry slowly break down the skin's healthy support structure. Eventually, this damage appears in the form of wrinkles, frown lines and other facial skin imperfections.

Fat transfer is a surgical procedure in which one's own fat is removed from one area and reinserted into another. It is ideally suited for "plumping up" skin folds and creases along the sides of the nose ("smile lines") and for erasing wrinkles at the corners of the mouth ("marionette lines"), above the upper lip and across the forehead. Fat transfer is especially effective in enhancing the shape and fullness of the lips.

Traditional treatment of these conditions has been the injection of collagen, a substance derived from the natural protein of cow hide. But short-lived results and chance of an allergic reaction to the foreign matter have prompted many individuals to seek out a less risky, more predictable and longer-lasting alternative to collagen. Though repeat surgery is usually necessary to maintain full results, highly safe fat transfer can give you smoother, younger-looking skin for years to come.

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The Procedure
Fat transfer takes 1/2 to 1-1/2 hours, depending on the size and number of target areas, and is performed on an outpatient basis under general anesthesia or IV sedation. Fat is extracted from the donor site (usually the abdomen, buttocks or thighs) through a syringe attached to liposuction equipment. Blood and other matter are removed, so that only pure fat remains. This fat is reinjected into the target areas, which are then cleansed and patted down to ensure that the fat is distributed evenly. Sutures are typically unnecessary.

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Recovery
The donor and recipient sites will be red and mildly swollen afterward. Numbness and a sensation of tightness are common in the first few days of recovery, particularly if the lips or other highly sensitive areas were treated. For the most part, however, discomfort is minimal and easily controlled with cold compresses and pain medication. Any slight bruising that occurs can usually be hidden with a good concealer, such as Dermablend®.

While there is no physical reason why patients cannot return to work and resume normal activity within a day or so of surgery, it is common for some to be self-conscious about their appearance. Generally speaking, fat injected into areas prone to extensive usage, such as the lips or around the mouth, tends to break down and be reabsorbed more quickly. As such, overcorrection is often recommended in achieving maximum results for a prolonged period. The extent of treatment and your body's naturally healing abilities will determine when recovery is complete and you can see the final result.